rocce e terreno
TRANSCRIPT
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Prof. CostanzoClasse III G
ITG Petrucci
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LE ROCCE
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CLASSIFICAZIONE
• ERUTTIVE O IGNE
• SEDIMENTARIE
• METAMORFICHE
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ROCCE MAGMATICHE
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Rocce magmatiche
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Rocce Intrusive: Granito Rosa
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Rocce Intrusive: Granito bianco
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Rocce effusive: presenza di bolle
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Rocce effusive: porfido
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Rocce effusive: porfido
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Rocce sedimentarie di tipo detritico
• Disgregazione della roccia madre fino a formare sabbia limo o argilla
• Precipitazione delle sostanze minerali cementanti (Ca, Mg...ecc.)
• Diminuzione della porosità e saldatura dei frammenti
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Rocce sedimentarie di tipo detritico
Breccio: frammenti di roccia a spigolo vivo
Puddinga: frammenti di roccia a spigolo arrotondato
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Rocce sedimentarie di origine chimica
• CALCARE
• DOLOMITE
• TRAVERTINO E ALABASTRO
• OPALE
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Rocce sedimentarie di origine chimica
• Calcare: sono precipitazioni di CaCo3
• Reagisce con gli acidi liberando CO2
CaCO3+2HCl = CaCl2+CO2
+H2O
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Rocce sedimentarie di origine chimica
• dolomite: sono precipitazioni di MgCa(Co3)2
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Rocce sedimentarie di origine chimica
• opale: sono depositi di Silice (SiO2)
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Rocce metamorfiche• Si originano per effetto dell’aumento della
temperatura e della pressione, che si verifica per motivi legati alla dinamica della tettonica delle placche.
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Fase solida inorganica: la TESSITURA• Studia la dimensione della particelle che
compongono il terrenoSCHELETRO
• Massi > 25 cm di diametro• Pietre da 7,5 cm a 25 cm• Ghiaia da 2 mm a 7,5 cm
terreni a scheletro prevalente 15-40%
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Fase solida inorganica: la TESSITURA• Sabbia grossa da 2 mm a 0,2 mm• Sabbia fine da 0,2 mm a 0,02 mm• Limo da 0,02 mm a 0,002 mm• Argilla < 0,002 mm
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Terreni sabbiosi
Caratteristiche: > 50%CSC= 0No coesionepermeabili
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Terreni limosiCaratteristiche: > 70%CSC= 0No coesioneImpermeabili
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Terreni argillosiCaratteristiche: > 30%CSC elevataForte coesioneImpermeabili
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Argille: formula base Fillosilicato
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Argille: gruppo caolinite
Fabbricazione delle porcellane
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Argille: gruppo montmorillonite
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Montmorillonite: scambio cationico
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Montmorillonite: scambio cationico
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Diagramma per la determinazione della tessitura
Tessitura:20% Argilla30% sabbia50% limo
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STRATIGRAFIA: TERRENO NATURALE
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STRATIGRAFIA: TERRENO AGRARIO
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STRATIGRAFIA: TERRENO AGRARIO