Download - LA POTATURA DELL’OLIVO - comune.muggia.ts.it
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La potatura dell’olivo
Muggia 10 aprile 2019
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Funzioni della potatura
• Regolare lo sviluppo vegetativo
• Regolare la fruttificazione
• Mantenere elevato il rapporto fra superficie
fogliare e legno
• Consentire una buona esposizione delle
foglie alla luce
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Intensità della potatura
• Contenuta nei primi anni dopo l’impianto
• Media intensità in fase produttiva
• Energica su piante vecchie
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Epoca e modalità
• Primavera da marzo a maggio
• Potature anticipate e autunnali stimolano la
vegetazione in periodo freddo
• Potature tardive deprimono l’attività della
pianta
• Eseguire tagli netti senza monconi e
disinfettare le ferite
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Tipi di potatura
• Potatura di allevamento
• Potatura di produzione
• Potatura di ringiovanimento (riforma)
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Potatura di formazione
• Durata: dall’impianto per i primi 8-10 anni
• Nei primi anni tagliare quasi nulla, solo
rami concorrenti
• Inclinazione delle branche
• Diverso comportamento fra varietà deboli e
varietà vigorose
• Tagli eccessivi ritardano l’entrata in
produzione
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Forme di allevamento
• Cespuglione
• Vaso policonico
• Vaso cespugliato
• Monocono
• Altre (palmetta, Ypsilon)
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Inclinazione delle branche principali
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Potatura di produzione
• Contenimento della chioma
• Rinnovo dei rami fruttiferi
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Olivo
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Potatura di ringiovanimento
• Abbassamento di piante vecchie troppo
cresciute in altezza
• Cambiare la forma di allevamento
• Riformare piante colpite dal freddo
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Potatura verde
• Dopo il 15 agosto
• Eliminare solo succhioni
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Alcune indicazioni pratiche
• Rinnovare la vegetazione pendula solo se
esaurita, senza foglie e con troppo legno
(serpentoni)
• I succhioni vanno sempre eliminati a meno
che non servano per sostituire una branca
mancante o siano impostati in modo tale
(lateralmente) che possano andare a frutto
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Alcune indicazioni pratiche
• Contenere il numero dei tagli troppo grossi
per evitare eccessivo sviluppo di succhioni
• Mantenere una freccia di tiraggio della linfa
rivolta verso l’esterno
• Su un ramo inclinato l’emissione di nuovi
germogli avverrà ad una distanza dal punto
di taglio variabile in funzione dell’inclina-
zione del ramo
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Alcune indicazioni pratiche
• Non eliminare troppo legno dalle cime
• Evitare le biforcazioni sui rami principali
• La nuova vegetazione cresciuta indica se la
potatura dell’anno precedente è stata
corretta oppure no
• Bisogna fare una pianta produttiva e non
una pianta “perfetta” da giardinieri
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Grazie per
l’attenzione